PUERTO USB
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Contenido
Introduction
1. USB Basics 1
What USB Can Do
Benefits for Users
Benefits for Developers
Beyond the Hype
Evolution of an Interface
Original USB
USB 2.0
USB On-The-Go
Wireless USB
USB versus IEEE-1394
USB versus Ethernet
Bus Components
Topology
Defining Terms
Division of Labor
The Host’s Duties
The Peripheral’s Duties
What about Speed?
Developing a Device
Elements in the Link
Tools for Developing
Steps in Developing a Project
2. Inside USB Transfers 33
Transfer Basics
Enumeration Communications
Application Communications
Managing Data on the Bus
Host Speed and Bus Speed
Elements of a Transfer
Device Endpoints: the Source and Sink of Data
Pipes: Connecting Endpoints to the Host
Types of Transfers
Stream and Message Pipes
Initiating a Transfer
Transactions: the Building Blocks of a Transfer
Transaction Phases
Ensuring that Transfers Are Successful
Handshaking
Reporting the Status of Control Transfers
Error Checking
3. A Transfer Type for Every Purpose 61
Control Transfers
Availability
Structure
Data Size
Speed
Detecting and Handling Errors
Bulk Transfers
Availability
Structure
Data Size
Speed
Detecting and Handling Errors
Interrupt Transfers
Availability
Structure
Data Size
Speed
Detecting and Handling Errors
Isochronous Transfers
Availability
Structure
Data Size
Speed
Detecting and Handling Errors
More about Time-critical Transfers
Bus Bandwidth
Device Capabilities
Host Capabilities
Host Latencies
4. Enumeration: How the Host Learns about Devices 85
The Process
Enumeration Steps
Enumerating a Hub
Device Removal
Tips for Successful Enumeration
Descriptors
Types of Descriptors
Device Descriptor
Device_qualifier Descriptor
Configuration Descriptor
Other_speed_configuration Descriptor
Interface Association Descriptor
Interface Descriptor
Endpoint Descriptor
String Descriptor
Other Standard Descriptors
The Microsoft OS Descriptor
Descriptors in 2.0-compliant Devices
Making 1.x Descriptors 2.0-compliant
Detecting the Speed of a Dual-Speed Device
5. Control Transfers: Structured Requests for Critical Data 117
Elements of a Control Transfer
Setup Stage
Data Stage
Status Stage
Handling Errors
Device Firmware
The Requests
Get_Status
Clear_Feature
Set_Feature
Set_Address
Get_Descriptor
Set_Descriptor
Get_Configuration
Set_Configuration
Get_Interface
Set_Interface
Synch_Frame
Other Control Requests
Class-specific Requests
Vendor-specific Requests
6. Chip Choices 141
Components of a USB Device
The USB Controller
Other Device Components
Simplifying Device Development
Device Requirements
Chip Documentation
Driver Choices
Debugging Tools
Controllers with Embedded CPUs
Microchip PIC18F4550
Cypress EZ-USB
Cypress enCoRe II
Freescale MC68HC908JB16
Freescale MCF5482 ColdFire
Controllers that Interface to External CPUs
National Semiconductor USBN9603
Philips Semiconductors ISP1181B
Philips Semiconductors ISP1581
PLX Technology NET2272
FTDI Chip FT232BM and FT245BM
7. Device Classes 177
About Classes
Device Working Groups
Elements of a Class Specification
Defined Classes
Audio
Chip/Smart Card Interface
Communication Devices: Modems and Networks
Content Security
Device Firmware Upgrade
Human Interface
IrDA Bridge
Mass Storage
Printers
Still Image Capture: Cameras and Scanners
Test and Measurement
Video
Implementing Non-standard Functions
Standard or Custom Driver?
Converting from RS-232
Converting from the Parallel Port
PC-to-PC Communications
Using a Generic Driver
8. How the Host Communicates 233
Device Driver Basics
Insulating Applications from the Details
Options for USB Devices
User and Kernel Modes
WDM Drivers
Layered Drivers
Communication Flow
More Examples
Creating a Custom Driver
Writing a Driver from Scratch
Using a Driver Toolkit
Using GUIDs
Device Setup GUIDs
Device Interface GUIDs
9. Matching a Driver to a Device 253
Using the Device Manager
Viewing Devices
Property Pages
Device Information in the Registry
The Hardware Key
The Class Key
The Driver Key
The Service Key
Inside INF Files
Syntax
Sections
Using Device Identification Strings
Finding a Match
Do You Need to Provide an INF File?
Tools and Diagnostic Aids
Tips for Using INF Files
What the User Sees
10. Detecting Devices 281
A Brief Guide to Calling API Functions
Managed and Unmanaged Code
Documentation
Using Visual C++ .NET
Using Visual Basic .NET
Finding Your Device
Obtaining the Device Interface GUID
Requesting a Pointer to a Device Information Set
Identifying a Device Interface
Requesting a Structure Containing the Device Path Name
Extracting the Device Path Name
Closing Communications
Obtaining a Handle
Requesting a Communications Handle
Closing the Handle
Detecting Attachment and Removal
About Device Notifications
Registering for Device Notifications
Capturing Device Change Messages
Reading Device Change Messages
Retrieving the Device Path Name in the Message
Stopping Device Notifications
11. Human Interface Devices: Using Control and Interrupt Transfers 319
What is a HID?
Hardware Requirements
Firmware Requirements
Identifying a Device as a HID
The HID Interface
HID Class Descriptor
Report Descriptors
HID-specific Requests
Get_Report
Get_Idle
Get_Protocol
Set_Report
Set_Idle
Set_Protocol
Transferring Data
About the Example Code
Sending Reports via Interrupt Transfers
Receiving Reports via Interrupt Transfers
Sending Reports via Control Transfers
Receiving Reports via Control Transfers
12. Human Interface Devices: Reports 351
Report Structure
Using the HID Descriptor Tool
Control and Data Item Values
Item Types
The Main Item Type
Input, Output, and Feature Items
Collection and End Collection Items
The Global Item Type
Identifying the Report
Describing the Data’s Use
Converting Units
Converting Raw Data
Describing the Data’s Size and Format
Saving and Restoring Global Items
The Local Item Type
Physical Descriptors
Padding
13. Human Interface Devices: Host Application 375
HID API Functions
Requesting Information about the HID
Sending and Receiving Reports
Providing and Using Report Data
Managing HID Communications
Identifying a Device
Reading the Vendor and Product IDs
Getting a Pointer to a Buffer with Device Capabilities
Getting the Device’s Capabilities
Getting the Capabilities of the Buttons and Values
Sending and Receiving Reports
Sending an Output Report to the Device
Reading an Input Report from the Device
Writing a Feature Report to the Device
Reading a Feature Report from a Device
Closing Communications
14. Bulk Transfers for Any CPU 407
Two Projects
Asynchronous Serial Interface
Parallel Interface
Host Programming
Using the D2XX Direct Driver
Selecting a Driver
Performance Tips
Speed Considerations
Minimizing Latency
Preventing Lost Data
EEPROM Programming
EEPROM Data
Editing the Data
15. Hubs: the Link between Devices and the Host 433
Hub Basics
The Hub Repeater
The Transaction Translator
The Hub Controller
Speed
Maintaing an Idle Bus
How Many Hubs in Series?
The Hub Class
Hub Descriptors
Hub-class Requests
Port Indicators
16. Managing Power 455
Powering Options
Voltages
Which Peripherals Can Use Bus Power?
Power Needs
Informing the Host
Hub Power
Power Sources
Over-current Protection
Power Switching
Saving Power
Global and Selective Suspends
Current Limits for Suspended Devices
Resuming Communications
Power Management under Windows
17. Testing and Debugging 471
Tools
Hardware Protocol Analyzers
Software Protocol Analyzers
Traffic Generators
Testing
Compliance Testing
WHQL Testing
18. Signals and Encoding 489
Bus States
Low-speed and Full-speed Bus States
High-speed Bus States
Data Encoding
Staying Synchronized
Timing Accuracy
Packet Format
Fields
Inter-packet Delay
Test Modes
Entering and Exiting Test Modes
The Modes
19. The Electrical Interface 505
Transceivers and Signals
Cable Segments
Low- and Full-speed Transceivers
High-speed Transceivers
Signal Voltages
Low and Full Speeds
High Speed
Cables
Conductors
Connectors
Detachable and Captive Cables
Cable Length
Ensuring Signal Quality
Sources of Noise
Balanced Lines
Twisted Pairs
Shielding
Edge Rates
Isolated Interfaces
Wireless Links
Cypress WirelessUSB
The Wireless USB Initiative
Other Options
20. Dual-role Devices with USB On-The-Go 535
Device and Host in One
Capabilities and Limits
Requirements for an OTG Device
The OTG Descriptor
Feature Codes for HNP
OTG Controller Chips
Philips ISP1362
TransDimension TD242LP
Cypress CY7C67200 EZ-OTG
Philips ISP1261 Bridge Controller
PUERTOS
1.- Puerto Paralelo (ver)
2.- Puerto Serial (ver)
3.- Puerto USB (ver)
Lima -Perú, año 2006
